<a href="http://financemymoney.com/2009/09/option-arm-silent-bomb-189-billion-in-outstanding-option-arms-with-134-billion-recasting-in-2-years-94-percent-of-borrowers-made-minimum-payment/">Option ARM Silent Bomb: $189 Billion in Outstanding Option ARMs with $134 Billion Recasting in 2 Years. 94 Percent of Borrowers Made Minimum Payment.</a>
There is devastating news out this week regarding option ARM loans. Option ARMs are a unique kind of mortgage since they offered borrowers a variety of methods to pay their monthly mortgage. The problem with the data coming out this week is that 94 percent of borrowers elected to go with the most financially destructive option of making the minimum payment. With $189 billion in option ARMs still outstanding this will have an impact on states like California, Florida, Nevada, and Arizona that hold 75 percent of these loans.
The 94 percent figure of borrowers making minimum payments is disturbing. What this implies is that many elected to go with negative amortization in states that were hit with the biggest unwinding of the housing bubble. Contrary to recent articles, the data produced by Fitch Ratings offers us the following information:
http://financemymoney.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/option-arm-data1.png
Source: Fitch Ratings
On top of this data, we are told that <strong>only 12 percent of all option ARM loans have recast.</strong> So a tiny amount have hit recast dates or maximum loan caps but the fact that <strong>46 percent of option ARM loans are now 30+ days late</strong> is troubling. This category of mortgages are now facing default rates on par with those of subprime mortgages. The option ARM was simply a product of the housing bubble. It has no use in a normal market and in a declining market, it is completely toxic.
In the news we have heard that many option ARM loans have been modified. The data released this week once again puts that figure into doubt. <strong>Fitch Ratings shows that only 3.5 percent of option ARMS have been modified.</strong> Out of the 1 million or so option ARMs only 35,000 have been modified. This number is paltry and shows that little is being done. Of those loans that have been modified, default rates are at 24 percent after 90 days compared to 37 percent with non-modified loans. In other words, very little is accomplished with modifications.
And what would you expect? The current modifications with option ARMs include two primary tactics:
1. Interest rate reductions
2. Extending the length of the note
With 70 percent of loans recasting in the next 2 years, the notion that most of the option ARMs are modified is not correct. Using the small subset of 3.5 percent of those modified option ARMs, we already see that very little is being done in terms of keeping homeowners in their home. Assuming that is the goal of the modification, they are failing. Yet the real underlying goal of the modifications is to keep the bank balance sheet as clean as possible for as long as possible so they can claim that those option ARMs are worth face value.
This plays into the reasons that I see California being in a tough housing situation for 2010. California is the holder of the largest number of option ARMs. Given this data, we now know that the bulk will hit in the upcoming two years. Some have made the case with Wells Fargo and the 10 year Pay Option ARMs but looking at current data, this is the exception and not the rule. Most of the vintage 2004-07 option ARMs will start recasting in mass in 2010.
If we look at loan-to-value ratios when the loans were made, the option ARM was at 79 percent. Now they are at 126 percent. A far cry from the origination figure but that original number is misleading. Many of these loans piggy-backed with second mortgages as 80/20 or 80/10/10 combos. That is, to think people came in with 20 percent is false.
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So option ARMs are still here and the silent bomb is still with us.</strong> With default rates as high as they currently are, 2010 is going to add more additional losses to the balance sheet of banks.