The following FEMA report explains about the causes and dangers of underground fires in dumps (landfills).
Federal Emergency Management Agency,
United States Fire Administration, National Fire Data Center
May 2002 report
LANDFILL FIRES: Their Magnitude, Characteristics, and Mitigation
Excerpts from the report:
"The mixing of certain materials in a landfill can result in spontaneous combustion. Even in small quantities, some chemicals can ignite if exposed to one another.
The most common cause of underground landfill fires is an increase in the oxygen content of the landfill, which increases bacterial activity and raises temperatures (aerobic decomposition). These so-called "hot spots" can come into contact with pockets of methane gas and result in a fire. Of particular concern with these long-smoldering, underground fires is the fact they tend to smolder for weeks to months at a time. This can cause a build up of the byproducts of combustion in confined areas such as landfill site buildings or surrounding homes, which adds an additional health hazard.
Landfill fires that result from spontaneous combustion gradually increase as the weather warms, dropping in September. The peak period, however, occurs in October and November, when 22 percent of the spontaneous combustion fires occur."
The FEMA report is online.
Janice